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The Pauli exclusion principle helps explain a wide variety of physical phenomena. One particularly important consequence of the principle is the elaborate electron shell structure of atoms and the way atoms share electrons, explaining the variety of chemical elements and their chemical combinations.
The first solution to this problem was provided by Freeman Dyson and Andrew Lenard in 1967–1968, [1] [2] but a shorter and more conceptual proof was found later by Elliott Lieb and Walter Thirring in 1975 using the Lieb–Thirring inequality. [3] The stability of matter is partly due to the uncertainty principle and the Pauli exclusion ...
Pauli introduced the 2×2 Pauli matrices as a basis of spin operators, thus solving the nonrelativistic theory of spin. This work, including the Pauli equation , is sometimes said to have influenced Paul Dirac in his creation of the Dirac equation for the relativistic electron, though Dirac said that he invented these same matrices himself ...
The spin–statistics theorem of quantum field theory demands that all particles with half-integer spin behave as fermions and all particles with integer spin behave as bosons. Multiple bosons may occupy the same quantum state; however, by the Pauli exclusion principle, no two fermions can occupy the same state
These "new" states could violate the Pauli exclusion principle. The aim of VIP2 is to search for new quantum states, which have a symmetric component in an otherwise antisymmetric state. These non-Paulian states can be identified by the characteristic X-rays emitted during Pauli exclusion principle—prohibited atomic transitions to the ground ...
The Pauli exclusion principle is the quantum mechanical principle that states that two identical fermions (particles with half-integer spin) cannot occupy the same quantum state simultaneously. Subcategories
In nuclear physics, atomic physics, and nuclear chemistry, the nuclear shell model utilizes the Pauli exclusion principle to model the structure of atomic nuclei in terms of energy levels. [1] The first shell model was proposed by Dmitri Ivanenko (together with E. Gapon) in 1932.
There is a theorem in relativistic quantum mechanics, called the spin-statistics theorem, which says that particles with integer spin obey Bose-Einstein statistics, whereas particles with half-integer spin ovey Fermi-Dirac statistics, and therefore obey the Pauli exclusion principle. In non-relativistic quantum mechanics, however, the Pauli ...