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kT (also written as k B T) is the product of the Boltzmann constant, k (or k B), and the temperature, T.This product is used in physics as a scale factor for energy values in molecular-scale systems (sometimes it is used as a unit of energy), as the rates and frequencies of many processes and phenomena depend not on their energy alone, but on the ratio of that energy and kT, that is, on E ...
One square metre of the Earth receives about 1.4 kilojoules of solar radiation every second in full daylight. [20] A human in a sprint has approximately 3 kJ of kinetic energy, [21] while a cheetah in a 122 km/h (76 mph) sprint has approximately 20 kJ. [22] One watt-hour, of electricity or any other form of energy, is 3.6 kJ. megajoule
degree per second: deg/s ≡ 1 °/s ≡ 1/360 Hz = 0.002 7 Hz hertz (SI unit) Hz ≡ One cycle per second = 1 Hz = 1/s radian per second: rad/s ≡ 1/(2π) Hz ≈ 0.159 155 Hz: revolution per minute: rpm ≡ One rpm equals one rotation completed around a fixed axis in one minute of time. ≈ 0.104 719 755 rad/s
Quantity (common name/s) (Common) symbol/s Defining equation SI unit Dimension Temperature gradient: No standard symbol K⋅m −1: ΘL −1: Thermal conduction rate, thermal current, thermal/heat flux, thermal power transfer
Factors in bold are exact. If exact factors have more than 7 places, they are rounded and no longer exact. This convert module replaces these rounded figures with the exact figures. For example, the NIST document has 1 square mile = 2.589 988 E+06 square meters. The convert template has 1 square mile = 2,589,988.110336 square meters.
The calorie is defined as the amount of thermal energy necessary to raise the temperature of one gram of water by 1 Celsius degree, from a temperature of 14.5 °C, at a pressure of 1 atm. For thermochemistry a calorie of 4.184 J is used, but other calories have also been defined, such as the International Steam Table calorie of 4.1868 J.
(Note - the relation between pressure, volume, temperature, and particle number which is commonly called "the equation of state" is just one of many possible equations of state.) If we know all k+2 of the above equations of state, we may reconstitute the fundamental equation and recover all thermodynamic properties of the system.
The rate of heat flow is the amount of heat that is transferred per unit of time in some material, usually measured in watts (joules per second). Heat is the flow of thermal energy driven by thermal non-equilibrium, so the term 'heat flow' is a redundancy (i.e. a pleonasm).