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Akhenaten (pronounced / ˌ æ k ə ˈ n ɑː t ən / listen ⓘ), [8] also spelled Akhenaton [3] [9] [10] or Echnaton [11] (Ancient Egyptian: ꜣḫ-n-jtn ʾŪḫə-nə-yātəy, pronounced [ˈʔuːχəʔ nə ˈjaːtəj] ⓘ, [12] [13] meaning 'Effective for the Aten'), was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh reigning c. 1353–1336 [3] or 1351–1334 BC, [4] the tenth ruler of the Eighteenth Dynasty.
Nefertiti (/ ˌ n ɛ f ər ˈ t iː t i / [3]) (c. 1370 – c. 1330 BC) was a queen of the 18th Dynasty of Ancient Egypt, the great royal wife of Pharaoh Akhenaten.Nefertiti and her husband were known for their radical overhaul of state religious policy, in which they promoted the earliest known form of monotheism, Atenism, centered on the sun disc and its direct connection to the royal household.
Ankhesenamun once seemed likely since there were no royal candidates for the throne on the death of her husband, Tutankhamun, whereas Akhenaten had at least two legitimate successors. [ citation needed ] But this was based on a 27-year reign for the last 18th dynasty, pharaoh Horemheb , who is now accepted to have had a shorter reign of only 14 ...
Meketaten died in approximately Year 14 of Akhenaten's reign. [3] She most likely died of a plague along with other members of the royal family. Between Years 12 and 15, many members of the royal family disappear from the record and cease to be mentioned again: Queen Mother Tiye, King's second consort Kiya, and the King's Daughters Neferneferure, Setepenre, and Meketaten.
An alternative suggestion, based on objects from the tomb of Tutankhamun, is that Smenkhkare was the son of Akhenaten's older brother, Thutmose and an unknown woman, possibly one of his sisters. [6] Smenkhkare is known to have married Akhenaten's eldest daughter, Meritaten, who was his Great Royal Wife. [7]
Donald B. Redford argued that while Akhenaten called himself the son of the Sun-Disc and acted as the chief mediator between god and creation, kings for thousands of years before Akhenaten's time had claimed the same relationship and priestly role. However Akhenaten's case may be different through the emphasis placed on the heavenly father and ...
However, it is worth noting that this coregency does not seem to have lasted a long time. After Akhenaten's death, Neferneferuaten continued in power as sole ruler for approximately three years. During her sole reign, Neferneferuaten also obtained new epithets. She replaced the name of Akhenaten with references to the Aten in her prenomen and ...
Limestone relief at Amarna depicting Akhenaten, Nefertiti, and their children adoring Aten, c. 1372–1355 BC. Atenism, also known as the Aten religion, [1] the Amarna religion, [2] the Amarna revolution, and the Amarna heresy, was a religion in ancient Egypt.