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Due to their usefulness, they were later included in several other implementations of the C++ Standard Library (e.g., the GNU Compiler Collection's (GCC) libstdc++ [2] and the Visual C++ (MSVC) standard library). The hash_* class templates were proposed into C++ Technical Report 1 (C++ TR1) and were accepted under names unordered_*. [3]
In some cases a multiset in this counting sense may be generalized to allow negative values, as in Python. C++'s Standard Template Library implements both sorted and unsorted multisets. It provides the multiset class for the sorted multiset, as a kind of associative container, which implements this multiset using a self-balancing binary search ...
Next, the user is prompted for a key to search for in the map. Using the iterator created earlier, the find() function searches for an element with the given key. If it finds the key, the program prints the element's value. If it doesn't find it, an iterator to the end of the map is returned and it outputs that the key could not be found.
A related example is the multiset of solutions of an algebraic equation. A quadratic equation, for example, has two solutions. However, in some cases they are both the same number. Thus the multiset of solutions of the equation could be {3, 5}, or it could be {4, 4}. In the latter case it has a solution of multiplicity 2.
A binary block code consists of a set of codewords, each of which is a string of 0s and 1s, all the same length. When each pair of codewords has large Hamming distance, it can be used as an error-correcting code. A block code can also be described as a family of sets, by describing each codeword as the set of positions at which it contains a 1.
In the subset sum problem, the goal is to find a subset of S whose sum is a certain target number T given as input (the partition problem is the special case in which T is half the sum of S). In multiway number partitioning , there is an integer parameter k , and the goal is to decide whether S can be partitioned into k subsets of equal sum ...
Lookup, find, or get find the value (if any) that is bound to a given key. The argument to this operation is the key, and the value is returned from the operation. If no value is found, some lookup functions raise an exception, while others return a default value (such as zero, null, or a specific value passed to the constructor).
C++'s Standard Template Library provides the multimap container for the sorted multimap using a self-balancing binary search tree, [1] and SGI's STL extension provides the hash_multimap container, which implements a multimap using a hash table. [2] As of C++11, the Standard Template Library provides the unordered_multimap for the unordered ...