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This is important to know in regards to eyewitness testimonies because children have problems transferring short term memories to long term, as discussed previously. Overall, there are a number of differences in memory among adults and children. With regards to short term memory, a child's capacity to store items is less than that of an adult.
Eyewitness memory is a person's episodic memory for a crime or other witnessed dramatic event. [1] Eyewitness testimony is often relied upon in the judicial system . It can also refer to an individual's memory for a face, where they are required to remember the face of their perpetrator, for example. [ 2 ]
Field of psychology that focuses on children's actions and reactions in a forensic context [1] Areas of study: autobiographical memory, memory distortion, eyewitness identification, narrative construction, personality, and attachment [1] Work setting: Criminal and civic court systems; Treatment facilities [4]
FatCamera/E+ via Getty ImagesEyewitness memory has come under a lot of scrutiny in recent years, as organizations such as the Innocence Project suggest it was a key piece of information in as many ...
The children demonstrate correct recall of the criminal, the crime, as well as objects and location in comparison to a controlled police interview. [22] In one study, a modified version of the cognitive interview was deduced to ensure children fully understood the instructions of the interview as well as the questions they were being asked.
In fact, witnesses to violent or traumatic crimes often self-report the memory as being particularly vivid. For this reason, eyewitness memory is often listed as an example of flashbulb memory. However, in a study by Clifford and Scott (1978), participants were shown either a film of a violent crime or a film of a non-violent crime.
When an eyewitness of a crime focuses their attention on a weapon, it reduces their attention to other details, and thus, diminishes the reliability of their memory of the incident. [24] The presence of a weapon impacts some details of the crime committed, such as what the assailant is wearing or other surrounding visual markers.
In addition, memory principles in FTT provide recommendations to eyewitness testimony. [86] [87] Children are often called upon to testify in courts, most commonly in cases of maltreatment, divorce, and child custody. Contrary to common sense, FTT posits that children can be reliable witnesses as long as they are encouraged to report verbatim ...