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The swelling index G expresses the volume of air (in milliliters) needed to rupture the bubble. Since the air is fed at a constant rate, G is a square root of L (in mm) with a scaling coefficient that, depending on the version of the manual, is either 2.22 or 2.226: G = 2.226 L {\displaystyle G=2.226{\sqrt {L}}} .
A Assuming an altitude of 194 metres above mean sea level (the worldwide median altitude of human habitation), an indoor temperature of 23 °C, a dewpoint of 9 °C (40.85% relative humidity), and 760 mmHg sea level–corrected barometric pressure (molar water vapor content = 1.16%).
When positive pressure is applied to a standard cubic foot of gas, it is compressed. When a vacuum is applied to a standard cubic foot of gas, it expands. The volume of gas after it is pressurized or rarefied is referred to as its "actual" volume. SCF and ACF for an ideal gas are related in accordance with the combined gas law: [2] [3]
The volumetric heat capacity of a material is the heat capacity of a sample of the substance divided by the volume of the sample. It is the amount of energy that must be added, in the form of heat, to one unit of volume of the material in order to cause an increase of one unit in its temperature.
For air with a heat capacity ratio =, then =; other gases have in the range 1.09 (e.g. butane) to 1.67 (monatomic gases), so the critical pressure ratio varies in the range < / <, which means that, depending on the gas, choked flow usually occurs when the downstream static pressure drops to below 0.487 to 0.587 times the absolute pressure in ...
These typically have much shorter run times than a chemical duster, but are easily refillable. Both hand pump and electric compressor models have been marketed. The maximum pressure for an aerosol can is typically 10 bar (145 psi) at 20 °C (68 °F). [9] Therefore, a fully compressed air duster will exhaust air about 10 times the can volume.
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For example, terrestrial air is primarily made up of diatomic gases (around 78% nitrogen, N 2, and 21% oxygen, O 2), and at standard conditions it can be considered to be an ideal gas. The above value of 1.4 is highly consistent with the measured adiabatic indices for dry air within a temperature range of 0–200 °C, exhibiting a deviation of ...