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Guernica is a large 1937 oil painting by Spanish artist Pablo Picasso. [1] [2] It is one of his best-known works, regarded by many art critics as the most moving and powerful anti-war painting in history. [3] It is exhibited in the Museo Reina Sofía in Madrid. [4]
The images form a sequence like those in a comic book (in particular, the Spanish auca) and have a loose narrative: [1] [2] Franco's form changes from panel to panel. The Spanish dictator's appearance has been likened by various writers to a "jackbooted phallus", [7] "an evil-omened polyp" [6] and "a grotesque homunculus with a head like a gesticulating and tuberous sweet potato".
Guernica (/ ɡ ɜːr ˈ n iː k ə, ˈ ɡ ɜːr n ɪ k ə /, [3] Spanish pronunciation: [ɡeɾˈnika]), officially Gernika (pronounced) in Basque, is a town in the province of Biscay, in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country, Spain.
During the creation of Guernica, Picasso made his first studies of a weeping woman on 24 May 1937, however, it was not to be included in the composition of Guernica.An image of the weeping woman was inserted in the lower right of the painting, but this was removed by Picasso, who considered that it would upstage the agonised expressions of the four women in the painting.
Picasso created the image between 1944 and 1945, using oil and charcoal on canvas. The painting measures 199.8 cm x 250.1 cm. [8] Echoing the composition of Guernica, Picasso used Expressionist forms to convey the tortured images of the figures, using funereal shades of gray, white and black. The image depicts the contorted bodies of a man ...
[4] Picasso's response to these turbulent events was to focus all of his attention on the monumental work of Guernica at the beginning of 1937. [5] Both Walter and Maar played a significant role in the creation of Guernica, with Walter appearing at least twice in the composition. Maar played a more practical role in the development of the work ...
In 1955, Picasso, Jaqueline and her husband René Dürrbach worked together to create a tapestry version of Picasso's anti-war painting Guernica. [7] [8] [9] They also jointly created a 3.50 x 7.10 metre gouache painting as a study for the Guernica tapestry. [9] In 1957 she created a tapestry of Picasso's Deux Harlequins painting. [7] [10]
The book is known for its description of the 1937 bombing of Guernica. The author was previously known for his reportage on the Second Italo-Ethiopian War. The book includes photographs and maps. [1] Its photographs were especially powerful in spreading news of the event. [2]