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The Punic Wars are also considered to include the four-year-long revolt against Carthage which started in 241 BC. Each war involved immense materiel and human losses on both sides. The First Punic War broke out on the Mediterranean island of Sicily in 264 BC as Rome's expansion began to encroach on Carthage's sphere of influence on the island.
The Carthage Punic Ports were the old ports of the city of Carthage that were in operation during ancient times. Carthage was first and foremost a thalassocracy, [1] that is, a power that was referred to as an Empire of the Seas, whose primary force was based on the scale of its trade. The Carthaginians, however, were not the only ones to ...
Ancient Carthage (/ ˈ k ɑːr θ ɪ dʒ / KAR-thij; Punic: 𐤒𐤓𐤕𐤟𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕, lit. ' New City ') was an ancient Semitic civilisation based in North Africa. [3] Initially a settlement in present-day Tunisia, it later became a city-state, and then an empire.
Map of Rome and Carthage at the start of the Second Punic War.svg, itself a derived version of Rome carthage 218.jpg, a map appearing in: Shepherd, William R. (1923) "Rome and Carthage at the Beginning of the Second Punic War, 218 B.C." in Historical Atlas, Category:New York: Henry Holt and Company, p. 32 OCLC: 1980660.
The military of Carthage (Punic: 𐤓𐤌 𐤐𐤕 𐤒𐤓𐤕𐤂𐤍) was one of the largest military forces in the ancient world.Although Carthage's navy was always its main military force, the army acquired a key role in the spread of Carthaginian power over the native peoples of northern Africa and southern Iberian Peninsula from the 6th century BC and the 3rd century BC.
Numerous large Punic cities, such as those in Mauretania, were taken over by the Romans, [78] although they were permitted to retain their Punic system of government. [79] A century later, the site of Carthage was rebuilt as a Roman city by Julius Caesar, and would become one of the main cities of Roman Africa by the time of the Empire.
The battle was part of the Second Punic War and resulted in a heavy defeat for Carthage. In the wake of its defeat in the First Punic War (264–241 BC) Carthage expanded its territory in south-east Iberia (modern Spain and Portugal). When the Second Punic War broke out in 218 BC a Roman army landed in north-east Iberia.
Xanthippus (Ancient Greek: Ξάνθιππος) of Lacedaemon, or of Carthage, was a Spartan mercenary general employed by Carthage during the First Punic War.He led the Carthaginian army to considerable success, compared to previous failure, against the Roman Republic during the course of the war, training the army to a professional standard before defeating the Romans at the Battle of Tunis ...