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The history of the merger dates back to two Middle English phonemes: the long vowel /oː/ (which shoot traces back to) and the short vowel /u/ (which put traces back to). As a result of the Great Vowel Shift, /oː/ raised to /uː/, which continues to be the pronunciation of shoot today.
In English, the letter u has four main pronunciations. There are "long" and "short" pronunciations. Short u , found originally in closed syllables, most commonly represents /ʌ/ (as in 'duck'), though it retains its old pronunciation /ʊ/ after labial consonants in some words (as in 'put') and occasionally elsewhere (as in 'sugar').
/u/ normally became /o/ in a final syllable except when absolutely word-final. [16] In medial syllables, short /æ, a, e/ are deleted; [17] short /i, u/ are deleted following a long syllable but usually remain following a short syllable (except in some present-tense verb forms), merging to /e/ in the process; and long vowels are shortened.
In Welsh, û is used to represent a long stressed u or when, without the circumflex, it would be pronounced as a short or : cytûn [kəˑtɨːn, kəˑtiːn] "agreed", bûm [bɨːm, biːm] "I was" as opposed to bum [bɨm, bɪm] "five" (soft-mutated prenominal form).
The long diphthongs (or 'double vowels') are phonemically sequences of a free vowel and a non-syllabic equivalent of /i/ or /u/: [iu, ui, oːi, eu, ɑːi]. Both [iu] and [eu] tend to be pronounced as [iu] , but they are spelled differently: the former as ieu , the latter as eeu .
This page was last edited on 30 October 2019, at 15:24 (UTC).; Text is available under the