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General Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB) or Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus (HP-IB) is a short-range digital communications 8-bit parallel multi-master interface bus specification originally developed by Hewlett-Packard and standardized in IEEE 488.1-2003. It subsequently became the subject of several standards.
Users interface to hardware by either writing direct bus commands (USB, GPIB, Serial) or using high-level, device-specific drivers that provide native "G" function nodes for controlling the device. National Instruments makes thousands of device drivers available for download on their Instrument Driver Network (IDNet). [10]
It has drivers and abstraction layers for many different types of instruments and buses are included or are available for inclusion. Measurement Studio includes a suite of analysis functions, including curve fitting, spectral analysis, fast Fourier transforms (FFT) and digital filters, and visualization.
Virtual instrument software architecture (VISA) is a widely used application programming interface (API) in the test and measurement (T&M) industry for communicating with instruments from a computer. VISA is an industry standard implemented by several T&M companies, such as, Anritsu , Bustec , Keysight Technologies , Kikusui, National ...
HP introduced the Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus (HPIB) computer peripheral interface (later cloned by National Instruments as GPIB and standardized by the IEEE as IEEE-488) on their relay actuator products in 1973. HPIB was later integrated into most high end test & measurement equipment it produced from 1980 onward.
An instrument driver, in the context of test and measurement (T&M) application development, is a set of software routines that simplifies remote instrument control. Instrument drivers are specified by the IVI Foundation [ 1 ] and define an I/O abstraction layer using the virtual instrument software architecture (VISA).
GPIB is a digital 8-bit parallel communications interface capable of achieving data transfers of more than 8 Mbytes/s. It allows daisy-chaining up to 14 instruments to a system controller using a 24-pin connector. It is one of the most common I/O interfaces present in instruments and is designed specifically for instrument control applications.
The “synchronous channel” carries normal bi-directional ASCII command traffic (e.g., SCPI), and synchronous GPIB meta-messages (END, triggers, etc.). The “asynchronous channel” carries GPIB-like meta-messages that need to be treated at higher priority and independent of the data path (e.g., device clear, service request).