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The majority of VOCs are produced by plants, the main compound being isoprene. Small amounts of VOCs are produced by animals and microbes. [24] Many VOCs are considered secondary metabolites, which often help organisms in defense, such as plant defense against herbivory.
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It is a pollutant and a component of smog that is produced in large quantities as a result of human activities (mostly the combustion of fossil fuels). [86] O 3 is largely produced by chemical reactions involving NO x gases (nitrogen oxides, especially from combustion) and volatile organic compounds in the presence of sunlight. Due to the ...
Vapor intrusion (VI) is the process by which chemicals, usually volatile organic compounds (VOCs), in soil or groundwater migrate to indoor air above or around a contaminated site. [1] The process of VI has been studied more recently in relation to its effects on humans and the environment, and is becoming more regulated by the United States ...
Plant communication encompasses communication using volatile organic compounds, electrical signaling, and common mycorrhizal networks between plants and a host of other organisms such as soil microbes, [2] other plants [3] (of the same or other species), animals, [4] insects, [5] and fungi. [6]
A secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is a molecule produced via oxidation over several generations of a parent organic molecule. [1] In contrast to primary organic aerosols, which are emitted directly from the biosphere , SOAs are either formed via homogeneous nucleation through the successive oxidation of gas -phase organic compounds , or through ...
Humans are primarily exposed to aldrin through dairy products and animal meats. Chlordane , an insecticide used to control termites and on a range of agricultural crops, is known to be lethal in various species of birds, including mallard ducks, bobwhite quail, and pink shrimp; it is a chemical that remains in the soil with a reported half-life ...
The profiling of VOCs emitted by living organisms takes an increasing importance in various scientific domains like in medicine, in food sciences or in chemical ecology. For instance, in medicine, non-invasive diagnosis techniques of cancer based on the profiling of VOCs from the exhaled breath have been developed.