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  2. Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sporulation_in_Bacillus...

    The sporulation process of Bacillus subtilis Bacillus subtilis is a rod-shaped, Gram-positive bacteria that is naturally found in soil and vegetation, and is known for its ability to form a small, tough, protective and metabolically dormant endospore .

  3. Endospore - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endospore

    Bacteria produce a single endospore internally. The spore is sometimes surrounded by a thin covering known as the exosporium, which overlies the spore coat. The spore coat, which acts like a sieve that excludes large toxic molecules like lysozyme, is resistant to many toxic molecules and may also contain enzymes that are involved in germination.

  4. Bacillus subtilis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_subtilis

    As a model organism, B. subtilis is commonly used in laboratory studies directed at discovering the fundamental properties and characteristics of Gram-positive spore-forming bacteria. [29] In particular, the basic principles and mechanisms underlying formation of the durable endospore have been deduced from studies of spore formation in B ...

  5. Sterilization (microbiology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterilization_(microbiology)

    Microorganisms growing on an agar plate. Sterilization (British English: sterilisation) refers to any process that removes, kills, or deactivates all forms of life (particularly microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, spores, and unicellular eukaryotic organisms) and other biological agents (such as prions or viruses) present in fluid or on a specific surface or object. [1]

  6. Microbiological culture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbiological_culture

    A microbiological culture, or microbial culture, is a method of multiplying microbial organisms by letting them reproduce in predetermined culture medium under controlled laboratory conditions. Microbial cultures are foundational and basic diagnostic methods used as research tools in molecular biology .

  7. Viral culture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viral_culture

    Viral culture is a laboratory technique [1] in which samples of a virus are placed to different cell lines which the virus being tested for its ability to infect. If the cells show changes, known as cytopathic effects , then the culture is positive.

  8. Spore - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spore

    The term spore derives from the ancient Greek word σπορά spora, meaning "seed, sowing", related to σπόρος sporos, "sowing", and σπείρειν speirein, "to sow". In common parlance, the difference between a "spore" and a " gamete " is that a spore will germinate and develop into a sporeling , while a gamete needs to combine with ...

  9. Serial passage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_passage

    Serial passage is the process of growing bacteria or a virus in iterations. For instance, a virus may be grown in one environment, and then a portion of that virus population can be removed and put into a new environment.