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The first few terms of the sin series are ()! + ()! ()! + which can be recognized as resembling the Taylor series for sin x, with (s) n standing in the place of x n. In analytic number theory it is of interest to sum
The Rademacher distribution, which takes value 1 with probability 1/2 and value −1 with probability 1/2. The binomial distribution, which describes the number of successes in a series of independent Yes/No experiments all with the same probability of success.
The Newton–Pepys problem is a probability problem concerning the probability of throwing sixes from a certain number of dice. [1] In 1693 Samuel Pepys and Isaac Newton corresponded over a problem posed to Pepys by a school teacher named John Smith. [2] The problem was: Which of the following three propositions has the greatest chance of success?
Composed in 1669, [4] during the mid-part of that year probably, [5] from ideas Newton had acquired during the period 1665–1666. [4] Newton wrote And whatever the common Analysis performs by Means of Equations of a finite number of Terms (provided that can be done) this new method can always perform the same by means of infinite Equations.
Probability theory or probability calculus is the branch of mathematics concerned with probability. Although there are several different probability interpretations , probability theory treats the concept in a rigorous mathematical manner by expressing it through a set of axioms .
Problems 1, 2, 5, 6, [a] 9, 11, 12, 15, and 22 have solutions that have partial acceptance, but there exists some controversy as to whether they resolve the problems. That leaves 8 (the Riemann hypothesis), 13 and 16 [b] unresolved. Problems 4 and 23 are considered as too vague to ever be described as solved; the withdrawn 24 would also be in ...
This is a list of probability topics. It overlaps with the (alphabetical) list of statistical topics. There are also the outline of probability and catalog of articles in probability theory. For distributions, see List of probability distributions. For journals, see list of probability journals.
Series acceleration — methods to accelerate the speed of convergence of a series Aitken's delta-squared process — most useful for linearly converging sequences; Minimum polynomial extrapolation — for vector sequences; Richardson extrapolation; Shanks transformation — similar to Aitken's delta-squared process, but applied to the partial sums