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A person cannot become resistant to antibiotics. Resistance is a property of the microbe, not a person or other organism infected by a microbe. [13] All types of microbes can develop drug resistance. Thus, there are antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral and antiparasitic resistance. [4] [8] Antibiotic resistance is a subset of antimicrobial resistance.
Resistome. The resistome has been used to describe to two similar yet separate concepts: All the antibiotic resistance genes in communities of both pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria. [1] All of the resistance genes in an organism, how they are inherited, [2] and how their transcription levels vary to defend against pathogens like viruses ...
Staphylococcus aureus. Colorized scanning electron micrograph of a human neutrophil ingesting MRSA. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a group of gram-positive bacteria that are genetically distinct from other strains of Staphylococcus aureus. MRSA is responsible for several difficult-to-treat infections in humans.
The evolution of bacteria on a "Mega-Plate" petri dish A list of antibiotic resistant bacteria is provided below. These bacteria have shown antibiotic resistance (or antimicrobial resistance). Gram positive Clostridioides difficile Clostridioides difficile is a nosocomial pathogen that causes diarrheal disease worldwide. Diarrhea caused by C. difficile can be life-threatening. Infections are ...
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are gram-negative bacteria that are resistant to the carbapenem class of antibiotics, considered the drugs of last resort for such infections. They are resistant because they produce an enzyme called a carbapenemase that disables the drug molecule.
Phase-bright endospores of Paenibacillus alvei imaged with phase-contrast microscopy. An endospore is a dormant, tough, and non-reproductive structure produced by some bacteria in the phylum Bacillota. [1][2] The name "endospore" is suggestive of a spore or seed-like form (endo means 'within'), but it is not a true spore (i.e., not an offspring).
Antimicrobial spectrum. A simplified diagram showing common disease-causing bacteria and the antibiotics which act against them. The antimicrobial spectrum of an antibiotic means the range of microorganisms it can kill or inhibit. Antibiotics can be divided into broad-spectrum antibiotics, extended-spectrum antibiotics and narrow-spectrum ...
Multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR bacteria) are bacteria that are resistant to three or more classes of antimicrobial drugs. [1] MDR bacteria have seen an increase in prevalence in recent years [clarification needed][2] and pose serious risks to public health. MDR bacteria can be broken into 3 main categories: Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and ...