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Despite the small number of native speakers of Ainu, there is an active movement to revitalize the language, mainly in Hokkaido but also elsewhere, such as in Kanto. [104] Ainu oral literature has been documented both in hopes of safeguarding it for future generations and for use as a teaching tool for language learners. [105]
Ainu Japanese. The island of Hokkaidō is located in the north of Japan, near Russia (Sakhalin Oblast). It has coastlines on the Sea of Japan (to the west of the island), the Sea of Okhotsk (to the north), and the Pacific Ocean (to the east). The center of the island is mountainous, with volcanic plateaux.
Ainu culture is the culture of the Ainu people, from around the 13th century (late Kamakura period) to the present. Today, most Ainu people live a life superficially similar to that of mainstream Japanese people, partly due to cultural assimilation. However, while some people conceal or downplay their Ainu identity, Ainu culture is still ...
Pirka Kotan Museum, an Ainu language and cultural center in Sapporo (Jozankei area). According to UNESCO, Ainu is an endangered language, [4] with few native speakers amongst the country's approximately 30,000 Ainu people, [5] a number that may be higher due to a potentially low rate of self-identification as Ainu within the country's ethnic Ainu population. [6]
The Ryukyuan people (also Lewchewan) are an indigenous people native to the Ryukyu Islands. There are different subgroups of the Ryukyuan ethnic group, the Okinawan, Amami, Miyako, Yaeyama and Yonaguni peoples. Their languages comprise the Ryukyuan languages, [13] one of the two branches of the Japonic language family (the other being Japanese ...
Ainu languages. The Ainu languages (/ ˈaɪnuː / EYE-noo), [1] sometimes known as Ainuic, are a small language family, often regarded as a language isolate, historically spoken by the Ainu people of northern Japan and neighboring islands, as well as mainland, including previously southern part of Kamchatka Peninsula.
Hokkaido dialects. The dialect or dialects of Hokkaido (北海道方言, Hokkaidō-hōgen), commonly called Hokkaidō-ben (北海道弁), originate in relatively recent settlement from mainland Japan. The greater part of Hokkaidō was settled from a mix of areas, especially the Tōhoku and Hokuriku regions, from the Meiji period onwards, so ...
Ezo. Ezo (蝦夷) (also spelled Yezo or Yeso) [1] is the Japanese term historically used to refer to the people and the lands to the northeast of the Japanese island of Honshu. [2] This included the northern Japanese island of Hokkaido, [3][4][5][6] which changed its name from "Ezo" to "Hokkaidō" in 1869, [7] and sometimes included Sakhalin ...