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The Viking program consisted of a pair of identical American space probes, Viking 1 and Viking 2, which landed on Mars in 1976. [1] The mission effort began in 1968 and was managed by the NASA Langley Research Center. [4]
Viking 1 was the first of two spacecraft, along with Viking 2, each consisting of an orbiter and a lander, sent to Mars as part of NASA's Viking program. [2] The lander touched down on Mars on July 20, 1976, the first successful Mars lander in history.
The Viking 2 mission was part of the American Viking program to Mars, and consisted of an orbiter and a lander essentially identical to that of the Viking 1 mission. [1] Viking 2 was operational on Mars for 1281 sols (1,316 days ; 3 years, 221 days ).
By Eric Sandler On August 20, 1975 -- 39 years ago today -- NASA launched the first of two spacecraft as a part of their new Viking program and the images they captured back in the '70s and '80s ...
Schematic of the Viking Lander Biological Experiment System. In 1976 two identical Viking program landers each carried four types of biological experiments to the surface of Mars. The first successful Mars landers, Viking 1 and Viking 2, then carried out experiments to look for biosignatures of microbial life on Mars. The landers each used a ...
Viking 1 lander Lander Successful First successful Mars lander. Deployed from Viking 1 orbiter. Landed on Mars on 20 July 1976. Operated for 2245 sols. 23 Viking 2: Viking 2 orbiter 9 September 1975: NASA United States: Orbiter Successful Operated for 700 orbits. Entered Mars orbit on 7 August 1976. Titan IIIE Centaur-D1T: Viking 2 lander ...
Viking 1 was launched on August 20, 1975, and the second craft, Viking 2, was launched on September 9, 1975, both riding atop Titan III-E rockets with Centaur upper stages. [25] [26] By discovering many geological forms that are typically formed from large amounts of water, the Viking program caused a revolution in scientific ideas about water ...
While searching for a suitable landing spot for Viking 2 ' s lander, the Viking 1 orbiter photographed the landform that constitutes the so-called "Face on Mars" on 25 July 1976. The Viking program was a descendant of the cancelled Voyager program, whose name was later reused for a pair of outer solar system probes.