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[15] [16] Mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into the cells that make up bone, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments, as well as muscle, neural and other progenitor tissues. They have been the main type of stem cells studied in the treatment of diseases affecting these tissues.
The characteristics are typical of demyelinating neuropathy with antimyelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) antibodies; however, anti-MAG neuropathy is not included in the CIDP criteria according to the EFNS/PNS criteria, primarily due to the presence of a particular antibody and a different response to treatment.
Other concerns of neural tissue engineering include establishing safe sources of stem cells and getting reproducible results from treatment to treatment. [16] Alternatively, these stem cells can act as carriers for other therapies, though the positive effects of using stem cells as a delivery mechanism has not been confirmed.
Peripheral neuropathy may be classified according to the number and distribution of nerves affected (mononeuropathy, mononeuritis multiplex, or polyneuropathy), the type of nerve fiber predominantly affected (motor, sensory, autonomic), or the process affecting the nerves; e.g., inflammation (), compression (compression neuropathy), chemotherapy (chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy).
Recent approaches have used various engineering techniques to improve spinal cord injury repair. Use of biomaterials is an engineering approach to SCI treatment that can be combined with stem cell transplantation. [6] They can help deliver cells to the injured area and create an environment that fosters their growth. [6]
Neural stem cells differentiating to astrocytes (green) and sites of growth hormone receptor shown in red. There are two basic types of stem cell: adult stem cells, which are limited in their ability to differentiate, and embryonic stem cells (ESCs), which are pluripotent and have the capability of differentiating into any cell type.
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