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Oxygen toxicity is a condition resulting from the harmful effects of breathing molecular oxygen (O 2) at increased partial pressures.Severe cases can result in cell damage and death, with effects most often seen in the central nervous system, lungs, and eyes.
Many people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have a low partial pressure of oxygen in the blood and high partial pressure of carbon dioxide.Treatment with supplemental oxygen may improve their well-being; alternatively, in some this can lead to the adverse effect of elevating the carbon dioxide content in the blood (hypercapnia) to levels that may become toxic.
Excessive exposure to oxygen can lead to oxygen toxicity, also known as oxygen toxicity syndrome, oxygen intoxication, and oxygen poisoning.There are two main ways in which oxygen toxicity can occur: exposure to significantly elevated partial pressures of oxygen for a short period of time (acute oxygen toxicity), or exposure to more modest elevations in oxygen partial pressures but for a ...
Hyperbaric medicine includes hyperbaric oxygen treatment, which is the medical use of oxygen at greater than atmospheric pressure to increase the availability of oxygen in the body; [8] and therapeutic recompression, which involves increasing the ambient pressure on a person, usually a diver, to treat decompression sickness or an air embolism by reducing the volume and more rapidly eliminating ...
There are few side effects, other than vomiting, with short-term use. [1] [2] With long-term use anemia or numbness may occur. [2] It should always be given with at least 21% oxygen. [2] It is not recommended in people with a bowel obstruction or pneumothorax. [2] Use in the early part of pregnancy is not recommended. [1]
Oxygen may also cause serious side effects at excessive doses. Although the effects of oxygen toxicity at atmospheric pressure can cause lung damage, [9] the low fraction of oxygen (30–40%) [10] and relatively brief exposures make pulmonary toxicity unlikely. [11] Nevertheless, due caution should be exercised when consuming oxygen.
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Oxidative stress mechanisms in tissue injury. Free radical toxicity induced by xenobiotics and the subsequent detoxification by cellular enzymes (termination).. Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between the systemic manifestation of reactive oxygen species and a biological system's ability to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or to repair the resulting damage. [1]