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Amphibolips quercuspomiformis, also known as the apple gall wasp or live oak apple gall wasp, is a species of gall wasp. It induces galls in coast live oak and interior live oak trees. Like many gall wasps, it has two alternating generations which induce differing galls: an all-female parthenogenic generation, and a bisexual generation. The ...
An oak apple or oak gall is a large, round, vaguely apple-like gall commonly found on many species of oak. Oak apples range in size from 2 to 4 centimetres (1 to 2 in) in diameter and are caused by chemicals injected by the larva of certain kinds of gall wasp in the family Cynipidae .
Neuroterus saltatorius, also known as the jumping gall wasp, is a species of oak gall wasp. It is found in North America, where it induces galls on a variety of oak trees, including Oregon oak , valley oak , California scrub oak , blue oak , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] and leather oak .
Jumping oak galls are caused by a very tiny, native, stingless wasp (Neuroterus sp.) which lays eggs in leaf buds. As the leaf develops, pinhead-sized galls, also referred to as abnormal plant ...
Atrusca brevipennata, formerly Andricus pellucidus, also known as the little oak-apple gall wasp, is a locally common species of cynipid wasp that produces galls on oak trees in North America. [1] The wasp oviposits on shrub live oak and Gambel oak leaves. [ 1 ]
Aceria mackiei, previously Eriophyes mackiei, the live oak erineum mite, is an abundant eriophyoid mite that produces leaf-blister galls on coast live oak, interior live oak, huckleberry oak, and canyon live oak. [1] This mite's ability to induce galls in oaks of both the black oak group and the intermediate oak group is unique. [1]
Conversely, insects with sucking mouthparts rely on partially open galls or those that naturally open to facilitate emergence. An example of the latter type is the aphid, which forms marble-sized galls on the leaf stems of cottonwood trees. While these galls have thin walls, they harbor entire colonies of aphids within.
Dryocosmus dubiosus is an abundant species of cynipid wasp that produces galls on oak trees in California in North America. [1] [2] Commonly known as the two-horned gall wasp, the wasp oviposits on the leaves and catkins of coast live oaks and interior live oaks. [1] After the eggs hatch, the resulting gall form looks like it has a set of bull ...