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Fasciolosis is a parasitic worm infection caused by the common liver fluke Fasciola hepatica as well as by Fasciola gigantica. The disease is a plant-borne trematode zoonosis , [ 3 ] and is classified as a neglected tropical disease (NTD).
The disease caused by the fluke is called fasciolosis or fascioliasis, which is a type of helminthiasis and has been classified as a neglected tropical disease. [2] Fasciolosis is currently classified as a plant/food-borne trematode infection, often acquired through eating the parasite's metacercariae encysted on plants. [3]
Both F. hepatica and F. gigantica and their hybrids infect the liver tissue of a wide variety of mammals, including humans, in a condition known as fascioliasis. F. hepatica measures up to 30 mm by 15 mm, while F. gigantica measures up to 75 mm by 15 mm. [ 2 ] Fasciola nyanzae is thought to exclusively infect the common hippopotamus ...
The infection is commonly called fasciolosis. The prevalence of F. gigantica often overlaps with that of Fasciola hepatica , and the two species are so closely related in terms of genetics , behaviour, and morphological and anatomical structures that distinguishing them is notoriously difficult. [ 2 ]
The fluke differs from most species that parasitise large mammals, in that they inhabit the gut rather than the liver as Fasciola species do. Fasciolopsis buski generally occupies the upper region of the small intestine , but in heavy infestations can also be found in the stomach and lower regions of the intestine.
Microscopic identification of eggs, or more rarely of the adult flukes, in the stool or vomitus is the basis of specific diagnosis. The eggs are indistinguishable from those of the very closely related Fasciola hepatica liver fluke, but that is largely inconsequential since treatment is essentially identical for both.
Fasciolosis of sheep, goats and cattle, is the major cause of economic losses in dairy and meat industry. [5] Fasciolosis of humans produces clinical symptoms such as fever, nausea, swollen liver, extreme abdominal pain, jaundice and anemia. [6] Clonorchiasis and opisthorchiasis (due to Opisthorchis viverrini) are particularly dangerous. They ...
Fasciolidae is a family of trematodes and includes several parasites involved in the veterinary and medical sciences, which cause the disease Fasciolosis. Fasciolidae is divided into five genera by Olson et al. 2003. The family's various species are localised in liver, gall bladder, and intestine.