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Although Windows 98 introduced the Windows Driver Model (WDM), VxD device drivers can be used under Windows 98 and Windows Me. Using VxD drivers instead of WDM drivers in Windows 9x may result in advanced ACPI states like hibernation being unavailable. VxDs are not usable in Windows NT or its descendants.
In computing, the Windows Driver Model (WDM) – also known at one point as the Win32 Driver Model – is a framework for device drivers that was introduced with Windows 98 and Windows 2000 to replace VxD, which was used on older versions of Windows such as Windows 95 and Windows 3.1, as well as the Windows NT Driver Model.
The Windows 9x kernel is a 32-bit kernel with virtual memory. Drivers are provided by .VXD files or, since Windows 98, the newer WDM drivers can be used. [2] However, the MS-DOS kernel stays resident in memory. Windows will use the old MS-DOS 16-bit drivers if they are installed, except on Windows Me. In Windows Me, DOS is still running, but ...
In Windows 95, 98 and Me, the DirectSound mixer component and the sound card drivers were both implemented as a kernel-mode VxD driver (Dsound.vxd), allowing direct access to the primary buffer used by the audio hardware and thus, providing the lowest possible latency between the user-mode API and the underlying hardware, but in some cases ...
This fact was not well publicized when Windows 98 was released, and most hardware producers continued to develop drivers for the older VxD driver standard, which Windows 98 supported for compatibility's sake.
Operating system Driver filename Bundled MS-DOS ASPI4DOS.SYS or USBASPI.SYS (USB drives only) : No Windows 3.1x WINASPI.DLL: No Windows 95, 98 and ME: WNASPI32.DLL, WINASPI.DLL, APIX.VXD and ASPIENUM.VXD
KMixer is the Kernel Audio Mixer driver, a part of WDM Audio in Windows 98 to Windows XP which handles the mixing of multiple sound buffers into an output. The tasks performed by KMixer.sys: Mixing multiple PCM audio streams; Format, bit-depth (also known as word-length) and sample-rate conversion; Speaker configuration and channel mapping
In addition to OPL3, DOS applications running under Windows 9x/Me can also use the XG tone generator. All of these features are available using Yamaha's VxD driver under Windows 9x/Me. WDM drivers for these operating systems and later Windows 2000/XP may lack important mixer controls, like separate Line-Out and 3D Wide.