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Meta-analysis is a method of synthesis of quantitative data from multiple independent studies addressing a common research question. An important part of this method involves computing a combined effect size across all of the studies.
The method characterizes the quantity and quality of literature, including by study design and other features. Mapping reviews can be used to identify the need for primary or secondary research. [19] Meta-analysis A meta-analysis is a statistical analysis that combines the results of multiple quantitative studies.
Meta-analysis can be thought of as "conducting research about previous research." Meta-analysis studies are considered secondary sources because they are based on and analyze or interpret (rather than merely citing or describing) original experimental reports.
The aim of the PRISMA statement is to help authors improve the reporting of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. [3] PRISMA has mainly focused on systematic reviews and meta-analysis of randomized trials, but it can also be used as a basis for reporting reviews of other types of research (e.g., diagnostic studies, observational studies).
A meta-analysis lends itself more to statistical research, often converting the original research into one common metric referred to as "effect sizes", so as to easily identify patterns and anomalies among publications. Systematic reviews may include meta-analysis results. [6]
Research synthesis or evidence synthesis is the process of combining the results of multiple primary research studies aimed at testing the same conceptual hypothesis. It may be applied to either quantitative [1] or qualitative research. [2] Its general goals are to make the findings from multiple different studies more generalizable and ...
In general, secondary sources in a scientific context may be referred to as "secondary literature", [16] and can be self-described as review articles or meta-analysis. Primary source materials are typically defined as "original research papers written by the scientists who actually conducted the study."
Under Fisher's method, two small p-values P 1 and P 2 combine to form a smaller p-value.The darkest boundary defines the region where the meta-analysis p-value is below 0.05.. For example, if both p-values are around 0.10, or if one is around 0.04 and one is around 0.25, the meta-analysis p-value is around 0