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As of 2020, the most expensive non-synthetic element by both mass and volume is rhodium. It is followed by caesium, iridium and palladium by mass and iridium, gold and platinum by volume. Carbon in the form of diamond can be more expensive than rhodium. Per-kilogram prices of some synthetic radioisotopes range to trillions of dollars.
Californium is a silvery-white actinide metal [12] with a melting point of 900 ± 30 °C (1,650 ± 50 °F) and an estimated boiling point of 1,743 K (1,470 °C; 2,680 °F). [13] The pure metal is malleable and is easily cut with a knife. Californium metal starts to vaporize above 300 °C (570 °F) when exposed to a vacuum. [14]
Transuranic elements are difficult and expensive to produce, and their prices increase rapidly with atomic number. As of 2008, the cost of weapons-grade plutonium was around $4,000/gram, [2] and californium exceeded $60,000,000/gram. [3] Einsteinium is the heaviest element that has been produced in macroscopic quantities. [4]
Its density of 8.84 g/cm 3 is lower than that of californium (15.1 g/cm 3) and is nearly the same as that of holmium (8.79 g/cm 3), despite einsteinium being much heavier per atom than holmium. Einsteinium's melting point (860 °C) is also relatively low – below californium (900 °C), fermium (1527 °C) and holmium (1461 °C).
A chemical element, often simply called an element, is a type of atom which has a specific number of protons in its atomic nucleus (i.e., a specific atomic number, or Z). [ 1 ] The definitive visualisation of all 118 elements is the periodic table of the elements , whose history along the principles of the periodic law was one of the founding ...
The intergrowth of californium in berkelium occurs at a rate of 0.22% per day and is an intrinsic obstacle in studying berkelium properties. Beside a chemical contamination, 249 Cf, being an alpha emitter, brings undesirable self-damage of the crystal lattice and the resulting self-heating. The chemical effect however can be avoided by ...
No, heated outdoor cat houses are designed to be energy-efficient. Most use low-wattage heating pads, typically consuming between 10 to 40 watts — about the same as a small light bulb.
Californium: Einsteinium: ... element 43 was named ... and food consumption could be detected for rats which ingested up to 15 μg of technetium-99 per gram of food ...