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ROHR2 is a CAE system for pipe stress analysis from SIGMA Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH, based in Unna, Germany.The software performs both static and dynamic analysis of complex piping and skeletal structures, and runs on Microsoft Windows platform.
Surge control products have been used in many industries to protect the maximum working pressure of hydraulic system for decades. Typical applications for surge relief equipment is in pipelines at pump stations, receiving manifolds at storage facilities, back pressure control, marine loading/off loading, site specific applications where pressure surges are generated by the automation system ...
Steam hammer can occur in steam systems when some of the steam condenses into water in a horizontal section of the piping. The steam forcing the liquid water along the pipe forms a "slug" which impacts a valve of pipe fitting, creating a loud hammering noise and high pressure. Vacuum caused by condensation from thermal shock can also cause a ...
During the design stage, the diagram also provides the basis for the development of system control schemes, allowing for further safety and operational investigations, such as a Hazard and operability study (HAZOP). To do this, it is critical to demonstrate the physical sequence of equipment and systems, as well as how these systems connect.
In fluid dynamics, pipe network analysis is the analysis of the fluid flow through a hydraulics network, containing several or many interconnected branches. The aim is to determine the flow rates and pressure drops in the individual sections of the network. This is a common problem in hydraulic design.
TOFD – time of first data sample (on seismic trace [citation needed]) TOFS – time of first surface sample (on seismic trace) TOH – trip out of hole; TOOH – trip out of hole; TOL – top of liner; TOL _ Top of Lead Cement; TOP - Top of Pipe; TORAN – torque and drag analysis; TOT – Top of Tail Cement
A complete circuit analysis of the ideal surge generator, including design equations and component values, is available in the presentation Introduction To Voltage Surge Immunity Testing by Hesterman et, al. [8] An updated derivation for the Third Edition is given in the paper Elementary and ideal equivalent circuit model of the 1,2/50-8/20 μs ...
Thus the flow rate of the straight pipe is greater than that of the vertical one. Furthermore, because the lower energy fluid in the boundary layer branches through the channels the higher energy fluid in the pipe centre remains in the pipe as shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 4. Velocity profile along a manifold