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In biology, the tonicity of a solution usually refers to its solute concentration relative to that of another solution on the opposite side of a cell membrane; a solution outside of a cell is called hypertonic if it has a greater concentration of solutes than the cytosol inside the cell. When a cell is immersed in a hypertonic solution, osmotic ...
Excess free water or hypotonic water can leave the body in two ways – sensible loss such as osmotic diuresis, sweating, vomiting and diarrhea, and insensible water loss, occurring mainly through the skin and respiratory tract. In humans, dehydration can be caused by a wide range of diseases and states that impair water homeostasis in the body ...
The common advice to drink 8 glasses (1,900 mL or 64 US fl oz) of plain water per day is not scientific; thirst is a better guide for how much water to drink than is a specific, fixed amount. [4] Americans aged 21 and older, on average, drink 1,043 mL (36.7 imp fl oz; 35.3 US fl oz) of drinking water a day, and 95% drink less than 2,958 mL (104 ...
It involves drinking water with modest amounts of sugar and salts, specifically sodium and potassium. [1] Oral rehydration therapy can also be given by a nasogastric tube. [1] Therapy can include the use of zinc supplements to reduce the duration of diarrhea in infants and children under the age of 5. [1]
Athletes that are actively training lose water and electrolytes from their bodies by sweating, and expending energy.Sports drinks are sometimes chosen to be a solution for this problem through fluid replacement, carbohydrate loading and nutrient supplementation, [4] although the same source also states that "Whether water or a sports drink is consumed is the athlete's choice."
The latter has almost the same salt content as the extracellular fluid, whereas the former is hypotonic with respect to the plasma. Saliva does not taste salty, whereas tears are decidedly salty). Nearly all normal and abnormal losses of body water therefore cause the extracellular fluid to become hypertonic .
Reading the label. You can tell a lot from the design and color of food packaging. The color of a packet of M&Ms, for example, can tell you whether they’re peanut, regular, crispy or caramel ...
The World Health Organization estimates that there exists 469 million women of reproductive age and approximately 600 million preschool and school-age children worldwide who are anemic. [117] Anemia , especially iron-deficient anemia, is a critical problem for cognitive developments in children, and its presence leads to maternal deaths and ...