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Hankinson's equation (also called Hankinson's formula or Hankinson's criterion) [1] is a mathematical relationship for predicting the off-axis uniaxial compressive strength of wood. The formula can also be used to compute the fiber stress or the stress wave velocity at the elastic limit as a function of grain angle in wood.
Structural analysis is a branch of solid mechanics which uses simplified models for solids like bars, beams and shells for engineering decision making. Its main objective is to determine the effect of loads on physical structures and their components .
The strength of materials is determined using various methods of calculating the stresses and strains in structural members, such as beams, columns, and shafts. The methods employed to predict the response of a structure under loading and its susceptibility to various failure modes takes into account the properties of the materials such as its yield strength, ultimate strength, Young's modulus ...
Structural design codes are based upon the assumption that both the loads and the material strengths vary with a normal distribution. [ citation needed ] The job of the structural engineer is to ensure that the chance of overlap between the distribution of loads on a structure and the distribution of material strength of a structure is ...
The first step is to create a log-log plot and add all known materials in the appropriate locations. However, the performance index equations must be modified before being plotted on the log-log graph. For the tension performance equation = /, the first step is to take the log of both sides.
Wood is an example of an orthotropic material. Material properties in three perpendicular directions (axial, radial, and circumferential) are different. In material science and solid mechanics, orthotropic materials have material properties at a particular point which differ along three orthogonal axes, where each axis has twofold rotational ...
The ultimate tensile strength of a material is an intensive property; therefore its value does not depend on the size of the test specimen.However, depending on the material, it may be dependent on other factors, such as the preparation of the specimen, the presence or otherwise of surface defects, and the temperature of the test environment and material.
Illustration of uniform compression. The bulk modulus (or or ) of a substance is a measure of the resistance of a substance to bulk compression.It is defined as the ratio of the infinitesimal pressure increase to the resulting relative decrease of the volume.