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The asymptotic availability, i.e. availability over a long period, of the system is equal to the probability that the model is in state 1 or state 2. This is calculated by making a set of linear equations of the state transition and solving the linear system. The matrix is constructed with a row for each state.
Complete state controllability (or simply controllability if no other context is given) describes the ability of an external input (the vector of control variables) to move the internal state of a system from any initial state to any final state in a finite time interval. [1]: 737
For example, for the four possible combinations of two driver cell contents, state 7 leads to states 5, 4, 1 and 0 and therefore , , , and are each 1 ⁄ 4 or 25%. Similarly, state 0 leads to states 0, 1, 0 and 1 and therefore and are each 1 ⁄ 2 or 50%. And so forth.
The state space or phase space is the geometric space in which the axes are the state variables. The system state can be represented as a vector, the state vector. If the dynamical system is linear, time-invariant, and finite-dimensional, then the differential and algebraic equations may be written in matrix form.
Volume-Control Model. The volume-control model is a part of the broader idea of the power-knowledge nexus. Lash [2] referred to the volume of information as an additive power, which is not only related to the amount of information people are exposed to, but also the number of links they get from others.
Consider a physical system modeled in state-space representation. A system is said to be observable if, for every possible evolution of state and control vectors, the current state can be estimated using only the information from outputs (physically, this generally corresponds to information obtained by sensors). In other words, one can ...
In control theory, a state observer, state estimator, or Luenberger observer is a system that provides an estimate of the internal state of a given real system, from measurements of the input and output of the real system. It is typically computer-implemented, and provides the basis of many practical applications.
It is an approach for the control of non-linear systems that uses a family of linear controllers, each of which provides satisfactory control for a different operating point of the system. One or more observable variables, called the scheduling variables , are used to determine the current operating region of the system and to enable the ...