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It is suitable for first language and non-first language speakers of English who are teaching English as a second or foreign language (ESL and EFL) in primary, secondary and adult contexts. Candidates should have English language skills equivalent to at least level C1 of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages.
The ACTFL Proficiency Guidelines provide a means of assessing the proficiency of a foreign language speaker. It is widely used in schools and universities in the United States [3] and the ACTFL Oral Proficiency Interview is the most widely used oral proficiency test in North America. [4] The guidelines are broken up into different proficiency ...
Other implementations of code-switching in younger students' English development include collaboration in literary discussion. A student learning English as a second language was placed into groups, primarily speaking and writing English as a first language. Discussing the significance of the text and exploring various themes together. [16]
Variably known as English as a foreign language (EFL), English as a second language (ESL), English for speakers of other languages (ESOL), English as an additional language (EAL), or English as a new language (ENL), these terms denote the study of English in environments where it is not the dominant language.
An Internet forum, or message board, is an online discussion site where people can hold conversations in the form of posted messages. [1] They are an element of social media technologies which take on many different forms including blogs, business networks, enterprise social networks, forums, microblogs, photo sharing, products/services review, social bookmarking, social gaming, social ...
The EF Standard English Test is a standardized test of the English language designed for non-native English speakers. [1] It is the product of EF Education First , a global language training company, and a team of language assessment experts including Lyle Bachman, Mari Pearlman, and Ric Luecht.
In April 2011 English instruction became compulsory starting in the 5th grade of elementary school (age 10). [ 16 ] [ 17 ] [ 18 ] It is planned to make English activity classes mandatory for third- and fourth-graders, and turn them into full-fledged lessons for fifth- and sixth-graders by 2020.
Teaching and learning English as a Second Language: Trends in Research and Practice: On TESOL '77: Selected Papers from the Eleventh Annual Convention of Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages, Miami, Florida, April 26 – May 1, 1977. Washington, DC: Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages. pp. 144– 158. OCLC 4037133.