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This is a list of Spanish words that come from Semitic languages (excluding Arabic, which can be found in the article, Arabic language influence on the Spanish language). It is further divided into words that come from Aramaic and Hebrew. Some of these words existed in Latin as loanwords from other languages.
It contains many calques of Hebrew phrases, such as hiĵas de Israel, a literal translation of the Hebrew phrase בנות ישראל, meaning "daughters of Israel". [4] Other words have shifted in meaning. For example, שכן [ʃaˈχen], "neighbor", became sajén, which has taken on the meaning "Christian/Spanish". [4]
Examples are haham/ḥaḥam ('rabbi', from Hebrew ḥakham) and kal, kahal/cal, cahal ('synagogue', from Hebrew qahal). Some Judeao-Spanish words of Hebrew or Aramaic origins have more poetic connotations than their Spanish origin equivalents. Compare gaava ('pride, arrogance') from Hebrew ga'avá with arrogansya ('arrogance') from Spanish ...
Modern Hebrew used in Israel today Samaritan Hebrew – Samaritans, liturgical The Phoenician and Punic expansion spread the Phoenician language and the Punic variety spoken in the antique-era colonies in Western Mediterranean for a time, but there too it died out, although it seems to have survived longer than in Phoenicia itself.
Other abbreviations contain a variable gematria component alongside other words, like the chapter references פי״א perek yud-alef (chapter 11) or פ״ט perek tet (chapter 9). Rather than list separate entries for every possible gematria, or use only one example number, the gematria component is replaced with [x] to produce (for example) [x ...
The Ferrara Bible was a 1553 publication of a Judeo-Spanish version of the Hebrew Bible used by Sephardi Jews.It was paid for and made by Yom-Tob ben Levi Athias (the Portuguese marrano known before his return to Judaism as Alvaro de Vargas, [a] as typographer) and Abraham Usque (the Portuguese marrano Duarte Pinhel, as translator), and was dedicated to Ercole II d'Este, Duke of Ferrara.
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The Hebrew word "goy" went through a change in meaning which parallels the journey of "gentilis/gentile" – both words moving from meaning "nation" to "non-Jew" today. The word "Goy" is now also used in English, principally by Jewish people – see goy .