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Indus Valley Civilisation Alternative names Harappan civilisation ancient Indus Indus civilisation Geographical range Basins of the Indus river, Pakistan and the seasonal Ghaggar-Hakra river, eastern Pakistan and northwestern India Period Bronze Age South Asia Dates c. 3300 – c. 1300 BCE Type site Harappa Major sites Harappa, Mohenjo-daro, Dholavira, and Rakhigarhi Preceded by Mehrgarh ...
Several periodisations are employed for the periodisation of the Indus Valley Civilisation. [1] [2] While the Indus Valley Civilisation was divided into Early, Mature, and Late Harappan by archaeologists like Mortimer Wheeler, [3] newer periodisations include the Neolithic early farming settlements, and use a stage–phase model, [1] [4] [3] often combining terminology from various systems.
The Harappan architecture and Harappan Civilization was one of the most developed in the old Bronze Age. The Harappan Civilization has its earliest roots in cultures such as that of Mehrgarh, approximately 6000 BC. The two greatest cities, Mohenjo-daro and Harappa, emerged c. 2600 BC along the Indus River valley in Punjab and Sindh. [7]
Harappan architecture is the architecture of the Bronze Age [1] Indus Valley civilization, an ancient society of people who lived during c. 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE in the Indus Valley of modern-day Pakistan and India.
Pre-Harappan farming communities date back to Neolithic time which ultimately evolved into urban Harappan civilization. [7] [8] Explorations and archaeological findings establish the dateline of Pre-Harappan culture from 2700 BC to 2100 BC followed by Harappan period from 2100 BC onwards. [9] Some of the regions showing pre-Harappan culture ...
The Indus Valley Civilization expand across the whole of modern-day Pakistan, much of northern India, and large parts of Afghanistan, with Harappa and Mohenjo-daro becoming large metropolises. [20] 2600 BCE: End of the Early Indus Valley Civilization culture. Start of Mature Indus Valley Civilization culture
Time line (BC) Phase: Era: 3300–2600 Early Harappan (Early Bronze Age) Regionalisation Era c. 4000 –2500/2300 BCE (Shaffer) [3] c. 5000 –3200 BCE (Coningham & Young) [4] 3300–2800 Harappan 1 (Ravi phase) 2800–2600 Harappan 2 (Kot Diji Phase, Nausharo I, Mehrgarh and Vinya VII) 2600–1900 Mature Harappan (Indus Valley Civilisation ...
According to Jarrige, period I of Nausharo corresponds to Mehrgarth VII, while periods II and III were during the mature Harappan civilization. [3] The more detailed chronology of Nausharo is usually given as follows, Period IA c. 2900-2800 BC; Period IB c. 2800-2700 BC; Period IC c. 2700-2600 BC; Period ID c. 2600-2550 BC (transition period)