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  2. Cardiac shunt - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_shunt

    Atrial septal defect with left-to-right shunt. The left and right sides of the heart are named from a dorsal view, i.e., looking at the heart from the back or from the perspective of the person whose heart it is. There are four chambers in a heart: an atrium (upper) and a ventricle (lower) on both the left and right sides. [1]

  3. Eisenmenger syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisenmenger_syndrome

    Eisenmenger syndrome or Eisenmenger's syndrome is defined as the process in which a long-standing left-to-right cardiac shunt caused by a congenital heart defect (typically by a ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, or less commonly, patent ductus arteriosus) causes pulmonary hypertension [1] [2] and eventual reversal of the shunt into a cyanotic right-to-left shunt.

  4. Right-to-left shunt - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-to-left_shunt

    An uncorrected left-to-right shunt can progress to a right-to-left shunt; this process is termed Eisenmenger syndrome. [3] This is seen in Ventricular septal defect, Atrial septal defect, and patent ductus arteriosus, and can manifest as late as adult life. This switch in blood flow direction is precipitated by pulmonary hypertension due to ...

  5. Atrial septal defect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_septal_defect

    This reversal of the pressure gradient across the ASD causes the shunt to reverse – a right-to-left shunt. This phenomenon is known as Eisenmenger's syndrome. Once right-to-left shunting occurs, a portion of the oxygen-poor blood gets shunted to the left side of the heart and ejected to the peripheral vascular system. This causes signs of ...

  6. Shunt (medical) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shunt_(medical)

    Cardiac shunts may be described as right-to-left, left-to-right or bidirectional, or as systemic-to-pulmonary or pulmonary-to-systemic.; Cerebral shunt: In cases of hydrocephalus and other conditions that cause chronic increased intracranial pressure, a one-way valve is used to drain excess cerebrospinal fluid from the brain and carry it to other parts of the body.

  7. Ventricular septal defect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventricular_septal_defect

    A ventricular septal defect arises when the superior part of the interventricular septum, which separates the right and left ventricles of the heart, fails to fully develop. The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs to get oxygen, while the left ventricle pumps blood to the rest of the body to provide oxygen to tissues.

  8. Tetralogy of Fallot - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetralogy_of_Fallot

    The latter is known as a right-to-left shunt. [17] Infants with TOF – a cyanotic heart disease – have low blood oxygen saturation. [17] Blood oxygenation varies greatly from one patient to another depending on the severity of the anatomic defects. [10] Typical ranges vary from 60% to around 90%. [17]

  9. Acyanotic heart defect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acyanotic_heart_defect

    An acyanotic heart defect, is a class of congenital heart defects. In these, blood is shunted (flows) from the left side of the heart to the right side of the heart, most often due to a structural defect (hole) in the interventricular septum. [1] People often retain normal levels of oxyhemoglobin saturation in systemic circulation. [citation ...

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