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  2. Azimuth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azimuth

    The azimuth is the angle formed between a reference direction (in this example north) and a line from the observer to a point of interest projected on the same plane as the reference direction orthogonal to the zenith. An azimuth (/ ˈ æ z ə m ə θ / ⓘ; from Arabic: اَلسُّمُوت, romanized: as-sumūt, lit.

  3. Antenna boresight - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antenna_boresight

    Most antennas boresight axis is fixed by their shape and cannot be changed. However phased array antennas can electronically steer the beam, changing the angle of the boresight by shifting the relative phase of the radio waves emitted by different antenna elements, and even radiate beams in multiple directions (multiple boresights). [1]

  4. Omnidirectional antenna - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omnidirectional_antenna

    Although the radiation of an omnidirectional antenna is symmetrical in azimuthal directions, it may vary in a complicated way with elevation angle, having lobes and nulls at different angles. The most common omnidirectional antenna designs are the monopole antenna , consisting of a vertical rod conductor mounted over a conducting ground plane ...

  5. Side looking airborne radar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Side_looking_airborne_radar

    Cone- and azimuth angle are related by cosα = cosφ ∙ cosε. On the earth surface the wave comes in at the (nominal ellipsoidal) incident angle β with respect to the vertical axis at this point. (In some publications the incident angle is denominated to as θ i.) The antenna illuminates an area, the so-called footprint. The direction of the ...

  6. Angle of arrival - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle_of_arrival

    The angle of arrival (AoA) of a signal is the direction from which the signal ... This will yield 0° phase-difference measured between the two antenna elements ...

  7. E-plane and H-plane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-plane_and_H-plane

    The magnetizing field or "H" plane lies at a right angle to the "E" plane. For a vertically polarized antenna, the H-plane usually coincides with the horizontal/azimuth plane. For a horizontally polarized antenna, the H-plane usually coincides with the vertical/elevation plane.

  8. Squint (antenna) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squint_(antenna)

    In a phased array or slotted waveguide antenna, squint refers to the angle that the transmission is offset from the normal of the plane of the antenna. In simple terms, it is the change in the beam direction as a function of operating frequency, polarization, or orientation. [1]

  9. Antenna measurement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antenna_measurement

    Antenna measurement techniques refers to the testing of antennas in order to ensure that the antenna meets specifications or simply to characterize it. Typical antenna parameters are gain , bandwidth , radiation pattern , beamwidth , polarization , impedance ; These are imperative communicative means.