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Ketoconazole, sold under the brand name Nizoral, among others, is an antiandrogen, antifungal, and antiglucocorticoid medication used to treat a number of fungal infections. [11] Applied to the skin it is used for fungal skin infections such as tinea , cutaneous candidiasis , pityriasis versicolor , dandruff , and seborrheic dermatitis . [ 12 ]
If you’ve ever used Nizoral shampoo, you’ve likely used ketoconazole. At 1% strength, ketoconazole is available over the counter, but 2% ketoconazole requires a prescription. dragana991 / iStock
Ketoconazole shampoo (offered under the brand name Nizoral®) is available in two strengths: 1% or less ketoconazole shampoos: These products contain a weaker concentration of ketoconazole.
Antibiotics can be helpful for those fighting off an infection. But they are commonly prescribed to people with unexplained acne or flare ups on the skin—I would know, because I was one of them.
The last group consists of antifungal drugs with a different mechanism of action than the other three classes. These drugs include benzoxaborole antifungals, ciclopirox olamine antifungals, thiocarbamate antifungals and undecylenic alkanolamide antifungals. Topical antifungal drugs may come with side effects such as itching and local irritation.
A drug of last resort (DoLR), also known as a heroic dose, [1] is a pharmaceutical drug which is tried after all other drug options have failed to produce an adequate response in the patient. Drug resistance , such as antimicrobial resistance or antineoplastic resistance , may make the first-line drug ineffective, especially in case of ...
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It has been suggested that an alteration of DNA function is possibly responsible for the post-antibiotic effect following the observation that most inhibitors of protein and nucleic acid synthesis (aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, clindamycin, certain newer macrolides/ketolides, and rifampicin and rifabutin) induce long-term ...