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The conscious transfer of language, on the other hand, can be illustrated in the principle developed by Roger Andersen called "transfer-to-somewhere," which holds that "a language structure will be susceptible to transfer only if it is compatible with natural acquisitional principles or is perceived to have similar counterpart (a somewhere to ...
Language shift, also known as language transfer, language replacement or language assimilation, is the process whereby a speech community shifts to a different ...
This influence is known as language transfer. [note 3] Language transfer is a complex phenomenon resulting from the interaction between learners’ prior linguistic knowledge, the target language input they encounter, and their cognitive processes. [27] Language transfer is not always from the learner’s native language; it can also be from a ...
Transfer occurs in various language-related settings, such as acquiring a new language and when two languages or two dialects come into contact. Transfer may depend on how similar the two languages are and the intensity of the conversational setting. Transfer is more likely to happen if the two languages are in the same language family. [15]
Linguistic imperialism or language imperialism is occasionally defined as "the transfer of a dominant language to other people". This language "transfer" (or rather unilateral imposition) comes about because of imperialism. The transfer is considered to be a sign of power; traditionally military power but also, in the modern world, economic power.
In some geographical settings, however, the source language is the translator's first language because not enough people speak the source language as a second language. [45] For instance, a 2005 survey found that 89% of professional Slovene translators translate into their second language, usually English. [ 45 ]
Lexical transfer. This is basically dictionary translation; the source language lemma (perhaps with sense information) is looked up in a bilingual dictionary and the translation is chosen. Structural transfer. While the previous stages deal with words, this stage deals with larger constituents, for example phrases and chunks. Typical features ...
In some cases, linguists refer to the benefits and disadvantages of language transfer as two separate phenomena, i.e., language transference and language interference, respectively. [23] In such views, these two kinds of language transfer, along with code-switching, comprise what is known as cross-linguistic influence. [23]