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The Lost Library of the Moscow Tsars, also known as the "Golden Library", is a library speculated to have been assembled by Grand Duke Ivan III (the Great) of Russia (r. 1460–1505) in the 16th century. It is also known as the Library of Ivan IV (Ivan the Terrible), who is
It is also informally known as the Tsar Book (Царь-книга), in an analogy with Tsar Bell and Tsar Cannon. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The set of manuscripts was commissioned by tsar Ivan the Terrible [ 3 ] and was made by group of anonymous manuscript illuminators in tsar palace in Alexandrovskaya Sloboda and Moscow.
The library was founded on 1 July 1862, as Moscow's first free public library and as a part of the Moscow Public Museum and Rumyantsev Museum, or in short the Rumyantsev library. [ 14 ] The Rumyantsev Museum part of the complex housed the historical collection of Count Nikolai Petrovich Rumyantsev , which had been given to the Russian people ...
The library was founded by Margarita Ivanovna Rudomino in 1921 in an old building in central Moscow. [2] It opened as a small Neophilological Library that started with a collection of only 100 books in German, French and English located on the 5th floor of the building.
As Moscow was the only independent Orthodox power following the fall of the Byzantine Empire in 1453, its rulers had already taken symbolic steps toward becoming an empire by marrying into the Byzantine imperial dynasty, adopting the double-headed eagle as their symbol, and the title of tsar .
This testimony is the earliest known reference of a collection of ancient manuscripts belonging to the Russian tsars which has never been found, also referred to as The Lost Library of the Moscow Tsars. [5] This lost library later became a favorite research topic of early 20th century Russian archaeologist Ignatius Stelletskii. [46]
Stelletskii remained in Moscow during World War II. Despite suffering from hunger dystrophy, he prepared a manuscript of his book “Dead in Moscow Cache”, which was published several years later, in 1993. It is believed that Stelletskii wanted to search the Kremlin yet again after the war was over, yet due to his health issues, he could not.
Reflecting Moscow's new imperial claims, Ivan's coronation as Tsar was a ritual modeled after those of the Byzantine emperors. With the continuing assistance of a group of boyars, Ivan began his reign with a series of useful reforms. In the 1550s, he declared a new law code, revamped the military, and reorganized local government.