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It is a secondary amide between glucosamine and acetic acid. It is significant in several biological systems. It is part of a biopolymer in the bacterial cell wall, which is built from alternating units of GlcNAc and N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc), cross-linked with oligopeptides at the lactic acid residue of MurNAc.
Uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine or UDP-GlcNAc is a nucleotide sugar and a coenzyme in metabolism. It is used by glycosyltransferases to transfer N -acetylglucosamine residues to substrates. D -Glucosamine is made naturally in the form of glucosamine-6-phosphate, and is the biochemical precursor of all nitrogen-containing sugars . [ 1 ]
The N-acetyl group may be elongated to incorporate a diazirine moiety. Treatment of cells with peracetylated, phosphate-protected Ac 3 GlcNDAz-1-P(Ac-SATE) 2 leads to modification of proteins with O-GlcNDAz. UV irradiation then induces photocrosslinking between proteins bearing the O-GlcNDaz modification and interacting proteins. [35]
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [protein]-L-threonine → UDP + [protein]-3-O-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-L-threonine; First, the hydroxyl group of serine is deprotonated by histidine 498, a catalytic base in this proposed reaction. Lysine 842 is also present to stabilize the UDP moiety. The oxygen ion then attacks the sugar-phosphate bond between ...
The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphotransferase. Other names in common use include acetylglucosamine kinase (phosphorylating) , ATP:2-acetylamino-2-deoxy-D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase , 2-acetylamino-2-deoxy-D-glucose kinase , and acetylaminodeoxyglucokinase .
In enzymology, an UDP-N-acetylglucosamine diphosphorylase (EC 2.7.7.23) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction UTP + N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } diphosphate + UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
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