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Antimony is a chemical element; it has symbol Sb (from Latin stibium) and atomic number 51. A lustrous grey metal or metalloid, it is found in nature mainly as the sulfide mineral stibnite (Sb 2 S 3). Antimony compounds have been known since ancient times and were powdered for use as medicine and cosmetics, often known by the Arabic name kohl. [11]
With sulfide ores, the method by which antimony is produced depends on the amount of antimony in the raw ore. If the ore contains 25% to 45% antimony by weight, then crude antimony is produced by smelting the ore in a blast furnace. If the ore contains 45% to 60% antimony by weight, antimony is obtained by heating the ore, also known as ...
Stibnite, sometimes called antimonite, is a sulfide mineral with the formula Sb 2 S 3.This soft grey material crystallizes in an orthorhombic space group. [6] It is the most important source for the metalloid antimony. [7]
Bismuth antimonides, Bismuth-antimonys, or Bismuth-antimony alloys, (Bi 1−x Sb x) are binary alloys of bismuth and antimony in various ratios.. Some, in particular Bi 0.9 Sb 0.1, were the first experimentally-observed three-dimensional topological insulators, materials that have conducting surface states but have an insulating interior.
Physical properties; Phase at ... Spectral lines of antimony: Other properties; Natural occurrence: ... Hypothetical chemical elements (75)
Antimony (51 Sb) occurs in two stable isotopes, 121 Sb and 123 Sb. There are 37 artificial radioactive isotopes, the longest-lived of which are 125 Sb, with a half-life of 2.75856 years; 124 Sb, with half-life 60.2 days; and 126 Sb, with half-life 12.35 days. All other isotopes have half-lives less than 4 days, most less than an hour.
China is a major producer of antimony, and some U.S. policymakers have worried about being overly dependent on China as a source. The mineral's uses include flame retardants, batteries, night ...
The author writes that arsenic and antimony resemble metals in their luster and conductivity of heat and electricity but that in their chemical properties they resemble the non-metals, since they form acidic oxides and insoluble in dilute mineral acids; "such elements are called metalloids" (p. 530).