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Because of the complexity of selecting and following a regimen, the potential for side effects, and the importance of taking medications regularly to prevent viral resistance, such organizations emphasize the importance of involving patients in therapy choices and recommend analyzing the risks and the potential benefits. [7]
Common side effects include headaches, fever, and nausea. [6] Serious side effects include liver problems, muscle damage, and high blood lactate levels. [6] It is commonly used in pregnancy and appears to be safe for the fetus. [6] ZDV is of the nucleoside analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) class. [6]
In some cases, diarrhea may be a side effect of several drugs used to treat HIV, or it may simply accompany HIV infection, particularly during primary HIV infection. It may also be a side effect of antibiotics used to treat bacterial causes of diarrhea (common for Clostridioides difficile).
HIV is a retrovirus that primarily infects components of the human immune system such as CD4 + T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. It directly and indirectly destroys CD4 + T cells. [88] HIV is a member of the genus Lentivirus, [89] part of the family Retroviridae. [90] Lentiviruses share many morphological and biological characteristics.
Side effects may include trouble sleeping, weight gain, and rash. [2] [3] While there are concerns that use during pregnancy results in a 0.2% increased risk of neural tube defects in the baby, this does not rule out its use. [2] Use remains recommended after the first trimester. [2] Use is not recommended in those with kidney problems. [3]
Common side effects of dolutegravir in clinical trials included insomnia and headache. Serious side effects included allergic reactions and abnormal liver function in patients who were also infected with hepatitis B or C. [15] The package insert warns against a mean rise in serum creatinine of 0.11 mg/dL due to inhibition of tubular secretion of creatinine and does not affect GFR.
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