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The images below present a simple opening-by-reconstruction example which extracts the vertical strokes from an input text image. Since the original image is converted from grayscale to binary image, it has a few distortions in some characters so that same characters might have different vertical lengths.
The intersection point falls within the first line segment if 0 ≤ t ≤ 1, and it falls within the second line segment if 0 ≤ u ≤ 1. These inequalities can be tested without the need for division, allowing rapid determination of the existence of any line segment intersection before calculating its exact point.
A well-working machinery of intersecting algebraic cycles V and W requires more than taking just the set-theoretic intersection V ∩ W of the cycles in question. If the two cycles are in "good position" then the intersection product, denoted V · W, should consist of the set-theoretic intersection of the two subvarieties. However cycles may be ...
For example, + is a slight rotation about the axis, and it can be written as a geometric product (a transform composition) of and +, both of which are planar reflections intersecting at the line . In fact, any rotation can be written as a composition of two planar reflections that pass through its axis; thus it can be called a 2-reflection . [ 11 ]
Mathematical Morphology was developed in 1964 by the collaborative work of Georges Matheron and Jean Serra, at the École des Mines de Paris, France.Matheron supervised the PhD thesis of Serra, devoted to the quantification of mineral characteristics from thin cross sections, and this work resulted in a novel practical approach, as well as theoretical advancements in integral geometry and ...
Another example of a singular variety is the projective cone of a smooth variety: given a smooth projective variety its projective cone is the union of all lines in + intersecting . For example, the projective cone of the points
That is, a scheme-theoretic multiplicity of an intersection may differ from an intersection-theoretic multiplicity, the latter given by Serre's Tor formula. Solving this disparity is one of the starting points for derived algebraic geometry, which aims to introduce the notion of derived intersection.
One common convention is to associate intersection = {: ()} with logical conjunction (and) and associate union = {: ()} with logical disjunction (or), and then transfer the precedence of these logical operators (where has precedence over ) to these set operators, thereby giving precedence over .