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Hydraulically activated pipeline pigging (HAPP) is a pigging technology applied for pipeline cleaning. The basic principle is that a pressure drop is created over a by-passable pig held back against a pipeline's fluid flow. The pipeline fluid passing through the pig's cleaning head is accelerated by this pressure drop, forming strong cleaning jets.
A pig has been used as a plot device in three James Bond films: Diamonds Are Forever, where Bond disabled a pig to escape from a pipeline; The Living Daylights, where a pig was modified to secretly transport a person through the Iron Curtain; and The World Is Not Enough, where a pig was used to carry and detonate a nuclear weapon in a pipeline ...
As the pipeline enters the compressor station a pig receiver may be installed to receive pigs sent down the pipeline from an upstream facility. [6] An intelligent pig, travelling at the prevailing gas velocity, measures the wall thickness of the pipeline and identifies areas of corrosion or defects.
The most recent was the 2010 San Bruno pipeline explosion that killed at least four people, injured 60 and more victims are still missing. [19] Portions of the San Bruno pipeline had been built in 1956. In ideal situations, pipeline inspection gauges or a “PIG” (see Pigging) is used to inspect and ensure the safe operation of natural gas ...
Pipeline Filling (Flooding) – which can be carried out by propelling pigs through the pipeline with water or free flooding with water (normally for smaller or unpiggable pipelines). Hydrotesting – this is a process by which the pipeline in question is pressure tested to a predefined pressure above the operating design pressure of the pipeline.
Ice pigging is a technique used for cleaning pipes, distinguished from traditional pigging by the use of a semi-solid 'pig' made of ice, rather than a solid object. This ice pig is capable of flowing through pipes, navigating obstructions such as valves and variations in pipe diameter, due to its fluid-like properties. The process allows for ...
Amarillo's Cliffside Gas Plant will begin the sale process, a decade after Congress passed the Helium Stewardship Act of 2013. Amarillo's Cliffside Gas Plant up for sale, including pipeline and ...
The steelworks first established a plant for the production of pig-iron for sale or use at other BHP plants. The announcement was made in 1937 and South Australian legislation was prepared to facilitate the development. Water security for the project was also guaranteed by the development of the Morgan-Whyalla pipeline. [2]