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India's net imports of coal grew at a compound annual growth rate of 8.62% over the last 10 years. [21] India is the second largest coal importer in the world, after China. [26] The electricity sector is the largest consumer of
The largest consumer and importer of coal is China. China mines almost half the world's coal, followed by India with about a tenth. Australia accounts for about a third of world coal exports, followed by Indonesia and Russia. [5] Coal is largely held in the Earth in areas that it needs to be mined from, and is generally present in coal seams.
The company, along with other Indian buyers, has been criticized for contributing to the surge in imports of Russian coal, which reached 5.2 million tonnes from January to August 2024—a 53% year-on-year increase. [39] Coal India expecting highest import level in 2 years in 2024. [40]
India is also the second-largest importer of coal 141.7 Mtoe in 2018 and the second-largest consumer of coal with 452.2 Mtoe in 2018. [8] India is also home to the world’s largest coal company, Coal India Ltd, which controls 85% of the country’s coal production with 7.8% production share of coal (including lignite) in the world. [65]
[82]: 118 In 2022, China, India, and Japan were the biggest importers of coal, importing 301, 228, and 184 Mt respectively. [82]: 117 Russia is increasingly orienting its coal exports from Europe to Asia as Europe transitions to renewable energy and subjects Russia to sanctions over its invasion of Ukraine. [18]
In the year 2024–2025, gold and its finished items (HS code 71) were the second-largest traded items with 55.846 billion US$ worth imports and 41.692 billion US$ worth re-exports after value addition, and a significant amount of this Gold is being imported from Japan as Gold Chemical Compounds to save duty and import tax free under India ...
India is the second biggest oil importer after China and is highly dependent on imported crude oil. [27] The net imports of crude oil rose from 171.73 Mt during 2011–12 to 226.95 Mt during 2020–21. The net imports of natural gas increased from 18 BCM in 2011–12 to 32.86 BCM in 2020–21, recording a CAGR of 9.44%.
The Ministry of Coal is responsible for development and exploitation of coal and lignite reserves in India. The subjects allocated to the Ministry which include attached and sub-ordinate or other organisations including PSUs concerned with their subjects under the Government of India (Allocation of Business) Rules, 1961, as amended from time to ...