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The critical load is the greatest load that will not cause lateral deflection (buckling). For loads greater than the critical load, the column will deflect laterally. The critical load puts the column in a state of unstable equilibrium. A load beyond the critical load causes the column to fail by buckling. As the load is increased beyond the ...
A column under a centric axial load exhibiting the characteristic deformation of buckling. When subjected to compressive forces it is possible for structural elements to deform significantly due to the destabilising effect of that load. The effect can be initiated or exacerbated by possible inaccuracies in manufacture or construction.
The effective length is where is the real length of the column and K is the factor dependent on the restraint conditions. The capacity of a column to carry axial load depends on the degree of bending it is subjected to, and vice versa.
A load at any other point in the cross section is known as an eccentric load. A short column under the action of an axial load will fail by direct compression before it buckles, but a long column loaded in the same manner will fail by springing suddenly outward laterally (buckling) in a bending mode.
The slenderness ratio is an indicator of the specimen's resistance to bending and buckling, due to its length and cross section. If the slenderness ratio is less than the critical slenderness ratio, the column is considered to be a short column. In these cases, the Johnson parabola is more applicable than the Euler formula. [5]
Axial loading is defined as applying a force on a structure directly along a given axis of said structure. [1] In the medical field, the term refers to the application of weight or force along the course of the long axis of the body. [2] The application of an axial load on the human spine can result in vertebral compression fractures. [3]
If the axial load on the column is not concentric, that is, its line of action is not precisely coincident with the centroidal axis of the column, the column is characterized as eccentrically loaded. The eccentricity of the load, or an initial curvature, subjects the column to immediate bending.
Schematic representation of an elastic column that displays “classical” flexural buckling under axial load P. The lateral displacement u is measured (relative to the initial, possibly crooked, configuration) near a place where the modal displacement is maximum.