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The Bradford protein assay (also known as the Coomassie protein assay) was developed by Marion M. Bradford in 1976. [1] It is a quick and accurate [2] spectroscopic analytical procedure used to measure the concentration of protein in a solution. The reaction is dependent on the amino acid composition of the measured proteins.
Bradford assay method uses a dye to bind to protein. Most commonly, Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 dye is used. When free of protein, the dye is red but once bound to protein it turns blue. [11] The dye-protein complex absorbs light maximally at the wavelength 595 nanometers and is sensitive for samples containing anywhere from 1 ug to 60 ug.
BCA protein assay in a 96 well plate. The bicinchoninic acid assay (BCA assay), also known as the Smith assay, after its inventor, Paul K. Smith at the Pierce Chemical Company, [1] now part of Thermo Fisher Scientific, is a biochemical assay for determining the total concentration of protein in a solution (0.5 μg/mL to 1.5 mg/mL), similar to Lowry protein assay, Bradford protein assay or ...
Bradford was born October 28, 1946, in Rome, Georgia, US, and received his B.A. from Shorter College there in 1967. [1] In 1971 he married Janet Holliday. [1] [8] He obtained his Ph.D. in biochemistry from the University of Georgia in 1975, and his use of the Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 dye to detect proteins, which became known as the Bradford assay, was patented in 1976.
This method is able to detect as low as 25 μg/ml and up to 2000 μg/ml of protein in a 65 ul sample, using standard protocol. This method may be preferred for samples containing detergents or other reducing agents. This method has a fast detection speed and low protein-to-protein variability in comparison to the BCA or Coomassie (Bradford ...
The concentration of a certain protein in a sample may be determined using spectrophotometric procedures. [5] The concentration of a protein can be determined by measuring the OD at 280 nm on a spectrophotometer, which can be used with a standard curve assay to quantify the presence of tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine. [6]
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The method combines the reactions of copper ions with the peptide bonds under alkaline conditions (the Biuret test) with the oxidation of aromatic protein residues. The Lowry method is based on the reaction of Cu +, produced by the oxidation of peptide bonds, with Folin–Ciocalteu reagent (a mixture of phosphotungstic acid and phosphomolybdic acid in the Folin–Ciocalteu reaction).
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