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A frame taken out of a Langstroth hive seen on the left of the picture. Before the dimensions of bee space were discovered, bees were mostly hived in skeps (conical straw baskets) or gums (hollowed-out logs that approximated the natural dwellings of bees), or in box hives (a thin-walled wooden box with no internal structure).
Empty Langstroth hive frames with thick top bars. A Langstroth hive – stackable boxes opened from the top – is usually made to hold eight or ten frames per box, spaced about 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 inches (38 mm) center to center. The frames are made of wood or plastic. The dimensions of the frames also vary. Various sizes have been given their own names.
A honey super is a part of a commercial or other human-managed beehive that is used to collect honey. The most common variety is the "Illinois" or "medium" super with a depth of 6 5 ⁄ 8 inches, in the length and width dimensions of a Langstroth hive. A honey super consists of a box in which 8–10 frames are hung.
The National hive, as it is usually known, is based on Langstroth hive design principles: a vertical stack of modular components. Its dimensions are generally smaller and notably the brood chamber is shallower than the typical Langstroth hive to suit a less prolific bee strain.
A nuc hive has all the features of a standard 10 frame Langstroth hive, except for a reduced width.A typical nuc has 5 Langstroth frames arranged side-by-side. Nucs can also be created using other hive dimensions, with the British modified national hive being the most common in the United Kingdom. According to FERA's (Food and Environment Research Agency) National Bee Unit
Hanging the hive some distance from the ground protects it from both wild and domestic animals, as well as from ants and beetles. A version with straight sides was developed by Henry Mulzac [30] by 1977, which used Langstroth compatible dimensions. The South African Jackson hive also uses Langstroth sized frames. Natural wax comb