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Water-reactive substances [1] are those that spontaneously undergo a chemical reaction with water, often noted as generating flammable gas. [2] Some are highly reducing in nature. [ 3 ] Notable examples include alkali metals , lithium through caesium , and alkaline earth metals , magnesium through barium .
Oxygen difluoride reacts with water to form hydrofluoric acid: OF 2 + H 2 O → 2 HF + O 2. It can oxidize sulphur dioxide to sulfur trioxide and elemental fluorine: OF 2 + SO 2 → SO 3 + F 2. However, in the presence of UV radiation, the products are sulfuryl fluoride (SO 2 F 2) and pyrosulfuryl fluoride (S 2 O 5 F 2): OF 2 + 2 SO 2 → S 2 O ...
The reaction may otherwise involve the functional groups of the molecule, and is a versatile class of reactions that can occur in acidic or basic conditions or in the presence of a catalyst. This class of reactions is a vital part of life as it is essential to the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids and to the biosynthesis of fatty ...
Like the other oxygen fluorides, O 3 F 2 is endothermic and decomposes at about 115 K with the evolution of heat, which is given by the following reaction: 2 O 3 F 2 → O 2 + 2 O 2 F 2. O 3 F 2 is safer to work with than ozone, and can be evaporated, or thermally decomposed, or exposed to electric sparks, without any explosions. But on contact ...
Several experiments with the compound resulted in a series of fires and explosions. Some of the compounds that produced violent reactions with O 2 F 2 include ethyl alcohol, methane, ammonia, and even water ice. [10] With BF 3 and PF 5, it gives the corresponding dioxygenyl salts: [1] [11] 2 O 2 F 2 + 2 PF 5 → 2 [O 2] + [PF 6] − + F 2
Diphosphorus tetrafluoride reacts with oxygen or water to yield diphosphorus tetrafluoride oxide, which has one oxygen atom inserted between the two phosphorus atoms: [2] [7] 2 P 2 F 4 + H 2 O → 2 PHF 2 + F 2 POPF 2. The latter compound is a gas with boiling point around −18 °C.
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The reaction of F 2 with organic compounds is, however, highly exothermic and can lead to non-selective fluorinations and C–C cleavage, as well as explosions. [6] Only a few selective radical fluorination methods have been reported. [7] [8] The use of fluorine for radical fluorination is mainly limited to perfluorination reactions. [5]