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A conical combination is a linear combination with nonnegative coefficients. When a point is to be used as the reference origin for defining displacement vectors, then is a convex combination of points ,, …, if and only if the zero displacement is a non-trivial conical combination of their respective displacement vectors relative to .
Equivalently, a convex set or a convex region is a set that intersects every line in a line segment, single point, or the empty set. [1] [2] For example, a solid cube is a convex set, but anything that is hollow or has an indent, for example, a crescent shape, is not convex. The boundary of a convex set in the plane is always a convex curve.
In geometry, the convex hull, convex envelope or convex closure [1] of a shape is the smallest convex set that contains it. The convex hull may be defined either as the intersection of all convex sets containing a given subset of a Euclidean space, or equivalently as the set of all convex combinations of points in the subset.
In geometry, an arrangement of lines is the subdivision of the Euclidean plane formed by a finite set of lines. An arrangement consists of bounded and unbounded convex polygons , the cells of the arrangement, line segments and rays , the edges of the arrangement, and points where two or more lines cross, the vertices of the arrangement.
Convex curve - a plane curve that lies entirely on one side of each of its supporting lines. The interior of a closed convex curve is a convex set. Convex function - a function in which the line segment between any two points on the graph of the function lies above the graph. Closed convex function - a convex function all of whose sublevel sets ...
A convex curve (black) forms a connected subset of the boundary of a convex set (blue), and has a supporting line (red) through each of its points. A parabola, a convex curve that is the graph of the convex function () = In geometry, a convex curve is a plane curve that has a supporting line through each of its points.
A convex cone is a cone that is also closed under addition, or, equivalently, a subset of a vector space that is closed under linear combinations with positive coefficients. It follows that convex cones are convex sets .
Krein–Milman theorem: A convex polygon is the convex hull of its vertices. Thus it is fully defined by the set of its vertices, and one only needs the corners of the polygon to recover the entire polygon shape. Hyperplane separation theorem: Any two convex polygons with no points in common have a separator line. If the polygons are closed and ...