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The Iberian Romance, Ibero-Romance [1] or sometimes Iberian languages [note 1] are a group of Romance languages that developed on the Iberian Peninsula, an area consisting primarily of Spain, Portugal, Gibraltar, Andorra and French Catalonia.
The Romance languages, also known as the Latin [2] or Neo-Latin [3] languages, are the languages that are directly descended from Vulgar Latin. [4] They are the only extant subgroup of the Italic branch of the Indo-European language family. The five most widely spoken Romance languages by number of native speakers are:
Pre-Roman languages of Iberia circa 300 BC. The following languages were spoken in the Iberian Peninsula before the Roman occupation and the spread of the Latin language. Aquitanian (probably closely related to or the same as Proto-Basque) Proto-Basque; Iberian; Tartessian; Indo-European languages. Celtic languages. Celtiberian; Gallaecian
Iberian Romance languages of the Iberian Peninsula include: [6] The West Iberian languages: The Castilian languages: includes Spanish and Judaeo-Spanish. The Galician-Portuguese languages: includes Portuguese, Galician and Fala. The Astur-Leonese languages: they are, from east to west, Cantabrian, central-eastern Asturian and Leonese proper.
West Iberian is a branch of the Ibero-Romance languages that includes the Castilian languages (Spanish, Judaeo-Spanish), Astur-Leonese (Asturian, Leonese, Mirandese, Extremaduran (sometimes), Cantabrian), [1] [2] Navarro-Aragonese and the descendants of Galician-Portuguese.
Romance was the main language spoken by the population of Iberia when the Umayyads conquered Hispania in 711. [1]: 46 Under Muslim rule, Arabic became a superstrate prestige language and would remain the dominant vehicle of literature, high culture, and intellectual expression in Iberia for five centuries (8th–13th). [1]: 36
Iberian Romance languages This page was last edited on 6 October 2024, at 07:53 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 28 January 2025. Romance language "Castilian language" redirects here. For the specific variety of the language, see Castilian Spanish. For the broader branch of Ibero-Romance, see West Iberian languages. Spanish Castilian español castellano Pronunciation [espaˈɲol] ⓘ [kasteˈʝano ...