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The microfilaria (plural microfilariae, sometimes abbreviated mf) is an early stage in the life cycle of certain parasitic nematodes in the family Onchocercidae. [1] In these species, the adults live in a tissue or the circulatory system of vertebrates (the "definitive hosts"). They release microfilariae into the bloodstream of the vertebrate host.
Life cycle of S. haematobium. S. haematobium completes its life cycle in humans, as definitive hosts, and freshwater snails, as intermediate hosts, just like other schistosomes. But unlike other schistosomes that release eggs in the intestine, it releases its eggs in the urinary tract, which are excreted along with the urine. [15]
The life cycle of a typical trematode begins with an egg. Some trematode eggs hatch directly in the environment (water), while others are eaten and hatched within a host, typically a mollusc. The hatchling is called a miracidium, a free-swimming, ciliated larva. Miracidia will then grow and develop within the intermediate host into a sac-like ...
Carcinogenic parasites are parasitic organisms that depend on other organisms (called hosts) for their survival, and cause cancer in such hosts.Three species of flukes are medically-proven carcinogenic parasites, namely the urinary blood fluke (Schistosoma haematobium), the Southeast Asian liver fluke (Opisthorchis viverrini) and the Chinese liver fluke (Clonorchis sinensis).
The eggs measure 50 to 60 μm by 20 to 30 μm, and have a thick shell flattened on one side. [18] The small size and colourlessness of the eggs make them invisible to the naked eye, except in barely visible clumps of thousands of eggs. Eggs may contain a developing embryo or a fully developed pinworm larva. [18] The larvae grow to 140–150 μm ...
These released larvae travel to the connective tissue and muscle as observed before and after 4 weeks they return to the gastric wall as adults. [17] Here they form a tumor and continue to mature into adults for the next 6–8 months. [3] Worms mate and females begin to excrete fertilized eggs with feces 8–12 months after ingestion of cysts. [15]
Egg production begins about three weeks later, and eggs are coughed up and expelled in sputum, or excreted in feces. Larvae may hatch from embryonated eggs outside of the mammalian host. [5] [17] More research is needed to fully elucidate the lifecycle, but both larvae and adults appear to be infective.
The life cycle of C. hepatica may be completed in a single host species. However, the eggs, which are laid in the liver, must mature outside of the host body (in the environment) prior to infecting a new host. [1] Death and decomposition of the host in which the adults reach sexual maturity are necessary for completion of the life cycle.
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