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Copper(II) sulfate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Cu SO 4.It forms hydrates CuSO 4 ·nH 2 O, where n can range from 1 to 7. The pentahydrate (n = 5), a bright blue crystal, is the most commonly encountered hydrate of copper(II) sulfate, [10] while its anhydrous form is white. [11]
This can only be used as a very rough guide, for instance if a narrow range of wavelengths within the band 647–700 nm is absorbed, then the blue and green receptors will be fully stimulated, making cyan, and the red receptor will be partially stimulated, diluting the cyan to a greyish hue.
Specifically, using Benedict's reagent and Fehling's solution the presence of the sugar is signaled by a color change from blue Cu(II) to reddish copper(I) oxide. [4] Schweizer's reagent and related complexes with ethylenediamine and other amines dissolve cellulose. [5] Amino acids such as cystine form very stable chelate complexes with copper(II).
Liquid oxygen has a clear cyan color and is strongly paramagnetic: it can be suspended between the poles of a powerful horseshoe magnet. [2] Liquid oxygen has a density of 1.141 kg/L (1.141 g/ml), slightly denser than liquid water, and is cryogenic with a freezing point of 54.36 K (−218.79 °C; −361.82 °F) and a boiling point of 90.19 K (−182.96 °C; −297.33 °F) at 1 bar (14.5 psi).
Steam and liquid water are two different forms of the same pure chemical substance, water. A chemical substance is a unique form of matter with constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. [1] [2] Chemical substances may take the form of a single element or chemical compounds. If two or more chemical substances can be combined ...
Liquid nitrogen. Liquefaction of gases is physical conversion of a gas into a liquid state (condensation). The liquefaction of gases is a complicated process that uses various compressions and expansions to achieve high pressures and very low temperatures, using, for example, turboexpanders.
Oxygen gas is increasingly obtained by these non-cryogenic technologies (see also the related vacuum swing adsorption). [103] Oxygen gas can also be produced through electrolysis of water into molecular oxygen and hydrogen. DC electricity must be used: if AC is used, the gases in each limb consist of hydrogen and oxygen in the explosive ratio 2:1.
Liquid nitrogen is a compact and readily transported source of dry nitrogen gas, as it does not require pressurization. Further, its ability to maintain temperatures far below the freezing point of water, specific heat of 1040 J ⋅kg −1 ⋅K −1 and heat of vaporization of 200 kJ⋅kg −1 makes it extremely useful in a wide range of ...