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In the context of research and development (R&D) collaborations, background, foreground, sideground and postground intellectual property (IP) are four distinct forms of intellectual property assets. These are included in the broader and more general categories of knowledge in R&D collaborations or open innovation .
The term can refer to a full scholarly paper or a section of a scholarly work such as books or articles. Either way, a literature review provides the researcher/author and the audiences with general information of an existing knowledge of a particular topic.
Prior art (also known as state of the art [1] or background art [2]) is a concept in patent law used to determine the patentability of an invention, in particular whether an invention meets the novelty and the inventive step or non-obviousness criteria for patentability.
This is a screenshot of a web page of a Wikimedia Foundation project. Text of Wikimedia projects (except for Wikinews [1] and parts of Wikidata [2]) are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike 4.0 license and may additionally be licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License (Version 1.2, 1.3, or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no ...
Ideally, technical writers have a background in both the subject matter and also in writing, managing content, and information architecture. Technical writers more commonly collaborate with subject-matter experts, such as engineers, technical experts, medical professionals, etc. to define and then create documentation to meet the user's needs.
The cloth holds the stitches and prevents the paper from perforating and tearing. Other styles are designed for use with perfect binders . [ 4 ] Combined and Universal Endsheets are loaded into the cover feeder of an automatic perfect binder and attached – instead of the soft cover – automatically, producing a book block reinforced from ...
The development of design methods has been closely associated with prescriptions for a systematic process of designing. These process models usually comprise a number of phases or stages, beginning with a statement or recognition of a problem or a need for a new design and culminating in a finalised solution proposal.
White papers have tried to perform the dual role of presenting firm government policies while at the same time inviting opinions upon them." [6] In Canada, a white paper is "a policy document, approved by Cabinet, tabled in the House of Commons and made available to the general public". [7]